The Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (Luyten, Mayes, Nijssens & Fonagy, 2017) measures a parent's “mentalizing” — that is, the ability to see your child as a separate person with their own thoughts, feelings, and intentions, and to understand their behavior through these (rather than only through “what they did”). It examines three dimensions: • “Pre-mentalizing modes”: the tendency to interpret the child's behavior without wondering what they feel (e.g. “they're doing it on purpose to annoy me”). • “Certainty about the child's inner world”: how sure you feel that you know what they think or feel — where both extremes are difficult (excessive certainty leads to assumptions, total uncertainty to disconnection). • “Interest & curiosity”: genuine interest in what the child is going through and why. Instruction: “Think of your child and how much each statement applies to you.” A self-observation tool, not a diagnosis.